glagol alfabesi ne demek?

Glagol alfabesi (Slavca: глаголица), bilinen en eski Slav dili olan Kilise Slavcası için kullanılmış olan alfabedir. Artık kullanılmayan bu alfabe sadece Yunan Ortodoks kiliselerinde Slav destekçilerinin, yani Rusların, Bulgarların, Sırpların ayin düzeni kitaplarında yer alır.

Bu yazının biri yuvarlak diğeri de köşeli karaktere sahip yazı tarzı vardır. Chodzko (grammiare paléoslave) tarafından birincisi Bulgarca ikincisi de İlirce olarak adlandırılmıştır. Göstergelerin rakam olarak kullanıldığı iki nokta arasına alınarak belirtilir. Genel noktalama işaretleri geçerlidir. Glagolitik Alfabe, Kiril Alfabesi'nden önce kullanılan Slav alfabesidir. 9. yüzyıla kadar bu alfabe kullanılıyordu. Bu alfabeyi Aziz Kiril Selânik'te, Yunan alfabesi etkisinde kalarak geliştirdi. Glagol alfabesinden türeyen Kiril alfabesinin harf isimlendirmeleri aynıydı. Sonra türetilen bu alfabe Selânik ve çevresine yayıldı, ayin kitaplarında yer aldı, Hırvatistan'a kadar Balkanlarda Slavların yaşadığı çoğu yerde kullanıldı. Dubrovnik ve çevresinde kalıntılarını bulmak mümkündür. Rahipler ve papazlar yüzyıllarca dini kitaplarında bu alfabeyi kullandılar. 19. yüzyılda ise alfabe dini kitaplarda kullanılmamasıyla bir daha hiç kullanılmadı.

Glagol alfabesinin adı Eski Slavcada glagolati kelimesinden gelir. “Glagolati” Eski Slavcada “konuşmak” anlamına gelir.

Karakterler

<table> <thead> <tr class="header"> <th>Harf</th> <th>Kiril</th> <th>Ses</th> <th><a href="Eski_Kilise_Slavcası" title="wikilink">EKS</a> adı</th> <th><a href="Kilise_Slavcası" title="wikilink">KS</a> adı</th> <th>Anlam</th> <th>Köken</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr class="odd"> <td>Ⰰ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="A_(Cyrillic)" title="wikilink">А</a></td> <td></td> <td>Azъ</td> <td>Az</td> <td>I</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td>Ⰱ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="Be_(Cyrillic)" title="wikilink">Б</a></td> <td></td> <td>Buky</td> <td>Buky</td> <td>kâğıtlar</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td>Ⰲ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="Ve_(Cyrillic)" title="wikilink">В</a></td> <td></td> <td>Vědě</td> <td>Vedi</td> <td>bilmek</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td>Ⰳ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="Ge_(Cyrillic)" title="wikilink">Г</a></td> <td></td> <td>Glagoli</td> <td>Glagoli</td> <td>yapmak/konuşmak</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td>Ⰴ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="De_(Cyrillic)" title="wikilink">Д</a></td> <td></td> <td>Dobro</td> <td>Dobro</td> <td>nezaket/iyi</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td>Ⰵ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="Ukrainian_Ye" title="wikilink">Є</a>, <a href="Ye_(Cyrillic)" title="wikilink">Е</a>, <a href="E_(Cyrillic)" title="wikilink">Э</a></td> <td></td> <td>Estъ, jestъ, yestъ</td> <td>Jest</td> <td>(-dır)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td>Ⰶ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="Zhe_(Cyrillic)" title="wikilink">Ж</a></td> <td></td> <td>Živěte</td> <td>Zhivete</td> <td>yaşam/yaşamak</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td>Ⰷ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="Dze" title="wikilink">Ѕ</a></td> <td></td> <td>Dzělo</td> <td>Dzelo</td> <td>çok</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td>Ⰸ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="Ze_(Cyrillic)" title="wikilink">З</a></td> <td></td> <td>Zemlja</td> <td>Zemlja</td> <td>Dünya/zemin/toprak</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td>Ⰹ, Ⰺ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="I_(Cyrillic)" title="wikilink">И</a>, <a href="Short_I" title="wikilink">Й</a></td> <td></td> <td>Iže</td> <td>Izhe</td> <td>olan/(prefiks)</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td>Ⰻ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="Ukrainian_I" title="wikilink">І</a>, <a href="Yi_(Cyrillic)" title="wikilink">Ї</a></td> <td></td> <td>I</td> <td>I</td> <td>ve</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td>Ⰼ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="Tshe" title="wikilink">Ћ</a>, <a href="Dje" title="wikilink">Ђ</a></td> <td></td> <td>Djervь, ǵervь</td> <td></td> <td>ağaç/ahşap</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td>Ⰽ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="Ka_(Cyrillic)" title="wikilink">К</a></td> <td></td> <td>Kako</td> <td>Kako</td> <td>nasıl/gibi</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td>Ⰾ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="El_(Cyrillic)" title="wikilink">Л</a></td> <td></td> <td>Ljudie</td> <td>Ljudi</td> <td>insanlar</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td>Ⰿ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="Em_(Cyrillic)" title="wikilink">М</a></td> <td></td> <td>Myslite</td> <td>Mislete</td> <td>fikir/düşünmek</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td>Ⱀ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="En_(Cyrillic)" title="wikilink">Н</a></td> <td></td> <td>Našь</td> <td>Nash</td> <td>bizim</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td>Ⱁ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="O_(Cyrillic)" title="wikilink">О</a></td> <td></td> <td>Onъ</td> <td>On</td> <td>o (eril)</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td>Ⱂ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="Pe_(Cyrillic)" title="wikilink">П</a></td> <td></td> <td>Pokoi</td> <td>Pokoj</td> <td>dinginlik/barış</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td>Ⱃ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="Er_(Cyrillic)" title="wikilink">Р</a></td> <td></td> <td>Rьci, rьtsi</td> <td>Rtsi</td> <td>Konuş!/Söyle!</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td>Ⱄ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="Es_(Cyrillic)" title="wikilink">С</a></td> <td></td> <td>Slovo</td> <td>Slovo</td> <td>söz/konuşma</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td>Ⱅ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="Te_(Cyrillic)" title="wikilink">Т</a></td> <td></td> <td>Tvrьdo</td> <td>Tverdo</td> <td>katı/sert/kesin</td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td>Ⱆ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="U_(Cyrillic)" title="wikilink">У</a></td> <td></td> <td>Ukъ</td> <td>Uk</td> <td>bilgili/aydınlanmış</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td>Ⱇ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="Ef_(Cyrillic)" title="wikilink">Ф</a></td> <td></td> <td>Frьtъ</td> <td>Fert</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td>Ⱈ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="Ha_(Cyrillic)" title="wikilink">Х</a></td> <td></td> <td>Xěrъ, Khěrъ</td> <td>Kher</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td>Ⱉ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="Omega_(Cyrillic)" title="wikilink"></a></td> <td></td> <td>Otъ</td> <td>Oht, Omega</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td>Ⱋ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="Shcha_(Cyrillic)" title="wikilink">Щ</a></td> <td></td> <td>Šta/Šča</td> <td>Shta/Shcha</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td>Ⱌ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="Tse_(Cyrillic)" title="wikilink">Ц</a></td> <td></td> <td>Ci, tsi</td> <td>Tsi</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td>Ⱍ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="Che_(Cyrillic)" title="wikilink">Ч</a></td> <td></td> <td>Črьvъ</td> <td>Cherv</td> <td>solucan</td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td>Ⱎ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="Sha_(Cyrillic)" title="wikilink">Ш</a></td> <td></td> <td>Ša</td> <td>Sha</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td>Ⱏ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="hard_sign" title="wikilink">Ъ</a></td> <td></td> <td>Erъ, jerъ, yerъ</td> <td>Yer</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td>ⰟⰉ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="Yery" title="wikilink">Ы</a></td> <td></td> <td>Ery, jery, yery</td> <td>Yery</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td>Ⱐ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="soft_sign" title="wikilink">Ь</a></td> <td></td> <td>Erь, jerь, yerь</td> <td>Yerj</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td>Ⱑ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="Yat" title="wikilink"></a></td> <td></td> <td>Jatь, Yatь</td> <td>Yat</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td>Ⱖ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="Ё" title="wikilink"></a></td> <td></td> <td>Bilinmiyor:<a href="#fn1" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref1" role="doc-noteref">1</a> Hipotetik jonsь</td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td>Ⱓ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="Yu_(Cyrillic)" title="wikilink">Ю</a></td> <td></td> <td>Ju, yu</td> <td>Yu</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td>Ⱔ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="Yus" title="wikilink"></a>, <a href="Ya_(Cyrillic)" title="wikilink">Я</a></td> <td></td> <td>[Ensь]</td> <td>Ya, Small yus</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td>Ⱗ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="Yus" title="wikilink"></a></td> <td></td> <td>[Jensь, Yensь]</td> <td>[Small iotated yus]</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td>Ⱘ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="Yus" title="wikilink"></a></td> <td></td> <td>[Onsь]</td> <td>[Big yus]</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td>Ⱙ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="Yus" title="wikilink"></a></td> <td></td> <td>[Jonsь, Yonsь]</td> <td>[Big iotated yus]</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr class="even"> <td>Ⱚ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="Fita" title="wikilink"></a></td> <td></td> <td>[Thita]</td> <td>Fita</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr class="odd"> <td>Ⱛ</td> <td></td> <td><a href="Izhitsa" title="wikilink"></a></td> <td></td> <td>Ižica, Izhitsa</td> <td>Izhitsa</td> <td></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <section class="footnotes footnotes-end-of-document" role="doc-endnotes"> <hr /> <ol> <li id="fn1" role="doc-endnote"></li> </ol> </section>

Resimler

Dosya:Glagolica.png|Glagol alfabesinin Bulgar harfleriyle karşılıkları Dosya:ZographensisColour.jpg|Glagol alfabesi Dosya:Bascanska ploca.jpg|Glagol alfabesiyle yazılmış Slavonya'da bulunan bir metin

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